Juniper Publishers Journal of Orthopedics and Rheumatology

Orthopedics & Rheumatology - Juniper Publishers Abstract Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a common surgical procedure with an estimated 50,000 procedures in the US annually. Injury of the ACL often requires costly treatment, extensive rehabilitation, and results in early osteoarthritis. While ACL ruptures occur secondary to a complex interplay of multiple variables, a number of risk factors have been identified that increase risk of ACL rupture. We will analyze a variety of identified risk factors including anatomic, neuromuscular control, hormonal, genetic, and external variables. In terms of intrinsic risk factors, multiple recent studies have identified neuromuscular risk factors that put the ACL at risk for injury. These studies show differences in neuromuscular control of knee joint mechanics, hamstring muscle strength and core stability in patients who sustain ACL injury. Anatomical variants between individuals, genders